# What is the carbon footprint of Bhubaneswar's shrimp export processing cluster?

Canonical: https://senseible.earth/answers/bhubaneswar-shrimp-processing-cluster-co2

About 36,000 t CO2 a year on FY 2025-26 factors (estimate), nearly all from grid power. TERI's 2015-16 profile counts 16 year-round plants making about 33,600 t of seafood, over 90% shrimp, using 50.1 million kWh and 890 kL of diesel: roughly 1.1 t CO2 per tonne processed.

## The cluster

- 43 registered exporters, 26 active; 21 processing plants, 16 running all year and 5 only in peak season.
- Six plants each in Patia and Mancheswar, three in Paradip, one towards Berhampur.
- Turnover about Rs 2,070 crore, mostly exports to Japan, the USA and Southeast Asia; four plants export to the EU.
- Most plants make about 50 t a month, about six make 150 t, and the two largest about 750 t.

## Where the electricity goes

- Freezing 38%, cold storage 20%, ice making 18%: refrigeration is about 80%.
- Water supply and treatment 9%, air conditioning 6%, lighting 2%, other 7%.
- About two tonnes of flake ice per tonne of fish, from the plant's own ice machines.
- Refrigeration runs on ammonia, so refrigerant leaks add no CO2e.

## Which kilogram your buyer divides by

Headless block shrimp recovers 65 to 70% of the raw weight; peeled IQF shrimp for Europe about 55%. The same plant gives a higher figure per kg of IQF than per kg of block, so state the product and whether you divide by raw intake or packed weight.

## Cluster and plant figures on FY 2025-26 factors (estimate)

- Cluster grid: 50.1 million kWh x 0.675 kg = 33,818 t CO2
- Cluster diesel: 890 kL x 2.645 t = 2,354 t CO2
- Total 36,172 t / 33,600 t = 1.08 t CO2 per tonne
- Small plant, 600 t: 9,50,000 kWh and 20 kL = 694 t CO2, 1.16 t per tonne
- Large plant, 9,000 t: 1,30,00,000 kWh and 200 kL = 9,304 t CO2, 1.03 t per tonne

Quantities from TERI's Bhubaneswar profile (2015-16). The profile's own 46,859 t uses the grid factor of its time; CEA FY 2025-26 and IPCC 2006 here.

## What Senseible does here

Senseible keeps your plant's power and diesel as the figures behind a per-kg number in a supplier evidence trail, so an importer can trace each line back to a CESU bill or diesel invoice.

- [Scope 3 supplier evidence](https://senseible.earth/scope-3-supplier-evidence)
- [Shrimp plant kWh per tonne](https://senseible.earth/answers/bhubaneswar-shrimp-plant-kwh-per-tonne)
- [Frozen shrimp footprint per kg](https://senseible.earth/answers/shrimp-processing-carbon-footprint-per-kg)

Sources: [TERI, Cluster profile: Bhubaneswar seafood processing industries (2015-16 data)](https://sameeeksha.org/pdf/clusterprofile/bhubaneshwar-seafood-processing-odisha.pdf), [CEA, CO2 Baseline Database for the Indian Power Sector (grid factor 0.675 kg CO2 per kWh, FY 2025-26)](https://cea.nic.in/cdm-co2-baseline-view?mappingId=234&lang=en), [IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Volume 2 Energy (fuel emission factors)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/vol2.html)

Last reviewed 2026-10-31.