# How is digital MRV different from paper MRV for a carbon project?

Canonical: https://senseible.earth/answers/dmrv-vs-traditional-mrv

The methodology and the verifier stay the same; the evidence changes. Digital MRV captures field and plant data as it happens, with time, location and photos, and lets the verifier spot check it remotely. Verra's VM0051 encourages it and gives guidance: data the verifier can check, models the verifier can test, and ground truthing.

## What changes in practice

- When data is captured: paper logbooks are often filled in later; digital entries carry a time and place from the moment they are made.
- How the verifier checks: on paper, by sampling sheets on site; digitally, the verifier can be given access to the tool and spot check any farm.
- How errors are handled: paper can be overwritten without a trace; a digital record keeps every change. VM0051 asks projects to record all changes to project data.
- Unusual values: a digital tool can flag a value outside a typical range and ask for a reason. VM0051 suggests not using such a value without a reason; its worked example swaps in the most conservative value in the range.

## What VM0051 recommends for digital tools

- Remote sensing: consider a minimum image frequency and resolution for the job, correct for atmosphere and cloud, and use public imagery or give the verifier access to private imagery.
- Machine learning: explain the inputs, test results against independent ground data, and let the verifier test the model.
- All systems: compare farmer logbooks, public data and remote sensing, flag gaps and keep every record.

## For biochar

Verra VM0044 v1.2 names tracking records, mobile apps, QR codes and GPS coordinates as ways to keep a chain of custody from feedstock to the field, and asks for an offsite electronic backup and verifier access to all evidence.

## What stays the same

The methodology still decides what is measured. An accredited verifier still checks it, and the registry still decides on issuance. Digital tools change how the evidence is gathered; they do not replace that check.

## What Senseible does here

Senseible's offline field app saves every entry on the phone with geotagged photos and uploads it later with nothing lost, flags problems on the spot, and keeps the earlier value whenever an entry is edited, so the verifier evidence pack shows what changed and why.

- [Carbon removal projects](https://senseible.earth/carbon-removal/projects)
- [Do registries accept digital MRV?](https://senseible.earth/answers/do-registries-accept-digital-mrv)
- [What goes in a verifier pack](https://senseible.earth/answers/what-is-a-verifier-evidence-pack)

Sources: [Verra, VM0051 v1.1 methodology document: Sections 1, 3, 4 and 9.3, Box 1 and Appendix 4 (DMRV)](https://verra.org/documents/vm0051-improved-management-in-rice-production-systems-v1-1/), [Verra, VM0044 v1.2 methodology document: applicability conditions 9 to 14, Section 7 (additionality), Tables 3 and 4, Section 9 (monitoring)](https://verra.org/documents/vm0044-biochar-utilization-in-soil-and-non-soil-applications-clean/)

Last reviewed 2026-11-02.