# What is the official tonne to kilolitre conversion for furnace oil in India?

Canonical: https://senseible.earth/answers/furnace-oil-tonne-to-kilolitre-ppac

PPAC gives 1 tonne of furnace oil = 1.0424 kilolitres at 29.5 C, or 6.74 barrels. Multiply by 0.9899 for volume at 15 C, about 1.032 kilolitres. That is a density near 0.969 kg per litre at 15 C, a little heavier than the 0.95 often assumed.

## The official figures

- 1 tonne of furnace oil = 1.0424 kilolitres = 6.74 barrels (PPAC Ready Reckoner FY 2025-26, Table 9.2).
- Volume correction from 29.5 C to 15 C: multiply by 0.9899.
- Average calorific value of fuel oil: 10,440 kcal per kg (Table 9.1).

## Why it matters

Furnace oil is often bought by the tonne and issued by the litre, or the reverse. Using a rounded density of 0.95 kg per litre instead of about 0.97 understates mass, and so CO2, by around 2%. The supplier's test certificate density is still the best figure for your batch.

## To CO2

Work in kilograms and use the IPCC default for residual fuel oil, about 3.13 kg CO2 per kg.

## Worked example

- Tank issues for the month: 18,000 litres at about 15 C.
- Mass: 18,000 / 1,032 = 17.44 tonnes.
- CO2: 17,440 kg x 3.13 = 54,587 kg, about 54.6 t.

Illustrative quantity.

## What Senseible does here

Senseible reads the quantity and unit printed on each fuel invoice, converts it with a stated density or calorific value, and shows the factor and source on every line, so a litre or kilogram is never guessed.

- [Furnace oil litres to kg](https://senseible.earth/answers/furnace-oil-litres-to-kg-density)
- [LDO and LSHS emission factors](https://senseible.earth/answers/ldo-and-lshs-emission-factor)
- [Fuel volume at 29.5 C vs 15 C](https://senseible.earth/answers/fuel-volume-at-29-5-c-vs-15-c)

Sources: [PPAC Ready Reckoner FY 2025-26, Chapter 9 conversion tables](https://ppac.gov.in/download.php?file=rep_studies/1784899305_The_PPAC_Ready_Reckoner_FY_2025%E2%80%9326_Final.pdf), [IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Volume 2 (Energy), default factors](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/vol2.html)

Last reviewed 2026-10-23.