# What grid emission factor should a supplier in Ghana use?

Canonical: https://senseible.earth/answers/ghana-grid-emission-factor-for-suppliers

Ghana's power comes from hydro at Akosombo and other dams plus gas fired thermal plants, so the grid factor sits between a hydro and a gas grid and moves with rainfall and gas supply. Use the official or IEA figure for the reporting year and name it.

## Which figure

- Location based: the national grid average for the reporting year, from the official source or the IEA.
- Market based: a supplier specific figure or residual mix, only if one exists for Ghana.
- Write down the figure, its source and its year.

## Why it moves

When lake levels fall or gas supply is short, thermal plants burning gas or liquid fuel run more and the factor rises.

## Records

Monthly electricity bills with kWh, and meter readings for any power you make on site.

## Generators

Diesel generators used during outages are Scope 1. Keep fuel logs.

## What Senseible does here

Senseible reads electricity bills into dated, fingerprinted records and keeps location based and market based figures side by side, each with the factor and year used.

- [Nigeria grid factor](https://senseible.earth/answers/nigeria-grid-emission-factor-for-suppliers)
- [Kenya grid factor](https://senseible.earth/answers/kenya-grid-emission-factor-for-factories)
- [Free grid factors by country](https://senseible.earth/answers/free-grid-emission-factors-by-country)

Sources: [GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance](https://ghgprotocol.org/scope-2-guidance), [IEA, electricity and emissions data](https://www.iea.org)

Last reviewed 2026-10-21.