# How much energy does the Greater Kolkata fan-making cluster use per year?

Canonical: https://senseible.earth/answers/kolkata-fan-makers-cluster-energy

836 toe a year to make about 9 million ceiling, table and exhaust fans across 70 MSMEs, by TERI's 2024-25 study: 6.51 million kWh of electricity and LPG for paint and curing ovens. A micro unit spends about five times the energy per fan of a medium one.

## Who makes the 9 million fans

- 5 medium units: 4.1 million fans a year.
- 20 small units: 3.3 million.
- 45 micro units: 1.5 million.
- Units run 10 to 12 hours a day; parts come from Bansdroni and elsewhere in India.

## A typical unit's year

- Medium: 271,122 kWh and 13.9 t of LPG.
- Small: 135,561 kWh and 4.9 t of LPG.
- Micro: 54,224 kWh and 2.4 t of LPG.
- Electricity is about two thirds of the energy, LPG one third.

## Where TERI found savings

- Power factor: units run at 0.87 to 0.94 and miss WBSEDCL rebates; an APFC panel with sized capacitors closes the gap.
- Compressors for painting: set at 8 to 10 kg/cm2 for a 5.5 to 6 kg/cm2 need. Each bar lower saves about 7 to 10%; leaks often exceed 20% and can be brought below 5%.
- LPG curing ovens to electric: 20 to 30% lower energy cost in TERI's audits.
- Rewound motors lose 5 to 10%; IE3 or IE4 motors win most of it back.

## When a brand asks for a per fan figure

Divide your year's CO2 by fans assembled, and say what it covers: assembly energy only, or bought motors, blades and covers too. Your own energy is a small part of a fan's life; the electricity it uses in a home is far larger. Keep the boundary on the page so the figure is not mistaken for a full footprint.

## CO2 per fan by unit size at FY 2025-26 factors (estimate)

- Medium: 271,122 kWh x 0.675 = 183.0 t + 13.9 t LPG x 2.98 = 41.4 t; 224 t over 820,000 fans = 0.27 kg per fan
- Small: 91.5 t + 14.6 t = 106 t over 165,000 fans = 0.64 kg per fan
- Micro: 36.6 t + 7.2 t = 44 t over 33,000 fans = 1.31 kg per fan
- Cluster: 6.51 million kWh x 0.675 = 4,394 t + 245 t LPG x 2.98 = 730 t; about 5,120 t a year

Unit counts, output and energy from TERI's 2024-25 energy profile of the Greater Kolkata fan cluster and SAMEEEKSHA's summary. The profile's text mentions about 20 assembly units, its table 70; we use the table. Its unit figures add to about 275 t of LPG against 245 t in its cluster table, which we use. CEA FY 2025-26 grid factor; LPG at 2.98 kg CO2 per kg.

## What Senseible does here

Senseible reads WBSEDCL bills and LPG invoices into monthly CO2 and keeps them as supplier evidence you can hand to a fan brand asking for your assembly figure.

- [Scope 3 supplier evidence](https://senseible.earth/scope-3-supplier-evidence)
- [Ceiling fan footprint per unit](https://senseible.earth/answers/ceiling-fan-carbon-footprint-per-unit)
- [Exhaust fan footprint per unit](https://senseible.earth/answers/exhaust-fan-carbon-footprint-per-unit)

Sources: [SAMEEEKSHA, Greater Kolkata fan cluster summary (TERI, 2024-25 data)](https://sameeeksha.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=321&Itemid=502), [TERI, Energy profile: Greater Kolkata fan cluster (2025)](https://sameeeksha.org/pdf/Greater_kolkata_fan_cluster.pdf), [CEA, CO2 Baseline Database for the Indian Power Sector, version 22.0](https://cea.nic.in/cdm-co2-baseline-view?mappingId=234&lang=en)

Last reviewed 2026-10-31.