# The Ludhiana forging cluster profile says the energy bill is rupees (Rs) 27.2 crore, but its table says 2,720 million. Which one is right?

Canonical: https://senseible.earth/answers/ludhiana-forging-bill-27-or-272-crore

The table fits: Rs 2,720 million, which is Rs 272 crore. The profile's text says Rs 27.2 crore, which looks like a decimal slip. The table's two lines add to 2,720, and 272 crore is 8.5% of the cluster's Rs 3,200 crore turnover, where 27.2 crore would be 0.85%.

## What the profile prints

- Text: "The energy bill of the cluster is around rupees 27.2 crore; which corresponds to about 10% of the total cost."
- Table for 2016: electricity 190 million kilowatt hours (kWh), Rs 1,430 million. Thermal, which is 40,200 tonnes of furnace oil and 525 kilolitres (kL) of diesel, Rs 1,290 million. Total Rs 2,720 million.
- Turnover of the forging cluster: Rs 3,200 crore. One crore is 10 million, so Rs 2,720 million is Rs 272 crore.

## Checks that point to 272 rather than 27.2

1. Add the table: 1,430 + 1,290 = 2,720 million.
2. Price the fuel with the profile's own prices. Furnace oil at Rs 28,000 to 31,000 a tonne on 40,200 tonnes is Rs 112.6 to 124.6 crore. Diesel, 525 kL at Rs 60 a litre, is Rs 3.15 crore. Together Rs 115.7 to 127.8 crore, against the table's Rs 129 crore, which is within about 1% of the top of that range. Electricity at the profile's energy charge of Rs 5.51 to 6.03 a kWh on 190 million kWh is Rs 104.7 to 114.6 crore, before demand charges, against the table's Rs 143 crore. That is 25% above the energy charge alone; demand charges of Rs 188 per kilovolt-ampere a month are not in the profile, so this check only rules out 27.2.
3. Compare with turnover: 272 / 3,200 = 8.5%, and turnover is larger than cost, so 8.5% of turnover is consistent with the text's "about 10%" of cost. Rs 27.2 crore would be 0.85% of turnover.

## How to quote it

Use Rs 272 crore (Rs 2,720 million) and say it is the table's figure for 2016. Do not mix in the text line. Treat the slip as my reading: the profile does not correct itself.

For one unit, the same profile's typical-unit table prints annual energy bills of Rs 2.2 million for a micro unit, Rs 5.6 million for a small unit and Rs 12.9 million for a medium unit. Those are the figures to hold your own bills against.

## The check in one place

- Table: 1,430 + 1,290 = 2,720 million = Rs 272 crore
- Furnace oil: 40,200 t x Rs 31,000 = Rs 124.6 crore; diesel: 525,000 L x Rs 60 = Rs 3.15 crore; sum Rs 127.8 crore vs Rs 129 crore printed
- Turnover share: 272 / 3,200 = 8.5%; 27.2 / 3,200 = 0.85%

All inputs are the profile's own 2016 figures and prices. Today's prices differ.

## What Senseible does here

Senseible reads fuel invoices and electricity bills into monthly records, so you have your own litres and kilowatt hours to hold against the profile's. It does not check a published report for you.

- [Ludhiana forging: furnace oil per tonne](https://senseible.earth/answers/ludhiana-forging-cluster-furnace-oil-per-tonne)
- [Ludhiana forging: the 314,190 tonnes restated](https://senseible.earth/answers/ludhiana-forging-314190-tonnes-restated)
- [Induction heater against an oil-fired forging furnace](https://senseible.earth/answers/induction-billet-heater-vs-oil-fired-forging-furnace)
- [Green loan readiness check](https://senseible.earth/green-loan-check)

Sources: [The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), Cluster profile: Ludhiana forging industries (SAMEEEKSHA)](https://sameeeksha.org/pdf/clusterprofile/Ludhiana-Forging-Punjab.pdf)

Last reviewed 2026-11-05. Figures are the profile's for 2016, at that year's prices. The text line and the table cannot both be right; this page follows the table because it adds up and fits the fuel prices. Check any quote against your own bills.