# How much energy and carbon dioxide does an average Panipat textile unit account for, by unit type?

Canonical: https://senseible.earth/answers/panipat-textile-unit-average-energy-and-co2-by-type

Dividing The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) Panipat totals by unit counts gives a home furnishing unit about 102 tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) and 124 tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) a year, a dyeing and printing unit 217 toe and 250 tonnes, and a loom or yarn unit 2 toe.

## Cluster totals divided by unit counts

- Home furnishing: 1,915 units, 195,360 toe, 237,051 tonnes CO2, bill rupees (Rs) 2,468 million. Per unit: 102.0 toe, 123.8 tonnes, about Rs 12.9 lakh (1 lakh = 100,000).
- Dyeing and printing: 500 units, 108,536 toe, 125,164 tonnes, Rs 1,279 million. Per unit: 217.1 toe, 250.3 tonnes, Rs 25.6 lakh.
- Floor covering: 330 units, 1,362 toe, 14,096 tonnes, Rs 133 million. Per unit: 4.1 toe, 42.7 tonnes, Rs 4.0 lakh.
- Yarn processing and looms: 350 units, 692 toe, 7,159 tonnes, Rs 70 million. Per unit: 2.0 toe, 20.5 tonnes, Rs 2.0 lakh.
- All 3,095 units: 305,950 toe, 383,470 tonnes, Rs 3,950 million. Per unit: 98.9 toe, 123.9 tonnes, Rs 12.8 lakh.

## Why the average hides more than it shows

The profile counts 2,110 of the 3,095 units as micro, which is 68%, though its text says about 65%. Rows add up (1,500 + 185 + 175 + 250 = 2,110), so the text is the loose figure. Our live page on Panipat fuels and carbon quotes the 65%. A micro home furnishing unit with a small boiler sits far below 102 toe, and a medium unit with a pet coke heater far above it.

Carbon per toe also splits in two. Heat-heavy types carry 1.15 to 1.21 tonnes CO2 per toe. The two electricity-only types carry 10.3, because grid power counts for far more carbon than a toe of fuel heat at TERI's factors. The heat-heavy rows are also low mostly because biomass, 77% of the energy, carries little CO2 in TERI's totals. Compare your own CO2 per toe only with your own fuel mix.

## Putting your unit on the same scale

1. Electricity: kilowatt hours (kWh) for the year x 860 kilocalories (kcal), divided by 10 million kcal, gives toe. These are the factors that fit the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) Tiruppur manual's tables (878 lakh kcal for 102,128 kWh is 860 kcal a kWh; 42,478 lakh kcal is 425 toe). Applying the Tiruppur conversion to the Panipat rows is our assumption.
2. Fuel: tonnes x its heating value in kcal a kilogram x 1,000, divided by 10 million. Use your supplier's heating value, or the one on your test report.
3. Add them. Then divide your CO2 from invoices by the toe, and compare with the row for your unit type.

## Example: a dyeing and printing unit with 150,000 kWh and 400 tonnes of wood

- Electricity: 150,000 x 860 / 10,000,000 = 12.9 toe
- Wood at an example 3,800 kcal a kilogram (kg): 400 x 3,800 x 1,000 / 10,000,000 = 152 toe
- Total: 164.9 toe, against 217.1 for the type average
- Grid CO2 at 0.675 kg a kWh for financial year (FY) 2025-26: 150,000 x 0.675 = 101 tonnes. Wood is counted separately from this grid line.

The unit, 3,800 kcal and tonnes are example values. The 217.1 is the profile's 2014-15 total divided by its unit count, an average, not a benchmark.

## What Senseible does here

Senseible reads fuel invoices and electricity bills into monthly records, so your unit's year of electricity and fuel is a total you can set beside these averages. It does not tell you which unit type you are, and an average is not a target.

- [Panipat textile cluster fuels and carbon](https://senseible.earth/answers/panipat-textile-cluster-fuels-and-carbon)
- [Panipat profile carbon and the grid factor](https://senseible.earth/answers/panipat-teri-co2-line-implies-grid-factor-near-0-89)
- [Your carbon number](https://senseible.earth/msme-carbon-number)

Sources: [TERI, Energy Profile: Panipat Textile Cluster (SAMEEEKSHA)](https://sameeeksha.org/pdf/clusterprofile/PanipatTextileCluster.pdf), [BEE, Manual on Energy Conservation Measures in Textile Cluster, Tirupur (SAMEEEKSHA)](https://sameeeksha.org/pdf/clusterprofile/Tirupur_Textile_Industries.pdf), [CEA CO2 Baseline Database, version 22.0](https://cea.nic.in/cdm-co2-baseline-view?mappingId=234&lang=en)

Last reviewed 2026-11-06. All figures are TERI's 2014-15 survey; fuel mix, rules and prices have changed. The conversion factors are implied by the BEE Tiruppur manual's tables, which the manual does not print as factors, and applying them to Panipat is our assumption.