# Which grid emission factor should a Vietnamese supplier use?

Canonical: https://senseible.earth/answers/vietnam-grid-emission-factor-for-suppliers

Use the national grid emission factor published by Vietnam's environment ministry for the year your electricity was used, and cite it. Recent figures are around two thirds of a kilogram of CO2 per kWh, reflecting a grid with a large coal share, so electricity is a big part of most suppliers' footprints.

## Which number for which question

- Location based Scope 2: the national grid factor for the year.
- Market based Scope 2: renewable certificates or direct power purchase contracts that meet the Scope 2 Quality Criteria.
- CBAM: for cement the electricity factor changes the cost; for steel and aluminium electricity is reported, not charged.

## Keep it auditable

Record the publication, its year and the value used. Update when a new figure is published, and do not mix years in one report.

## What Senseible does here

Senseible reads electricity bills and fuel invoices into a dated, fingerprinted Scope 1 and 2 record per site. Grid factors outside India must be entered from the official source for the country and year, and are labelled with that source.

- [Free grid factors by country](https://senseible.earth/answers/free-grid-emission-factors-by-country)
- [Ha Tinh and Nghi Son: steel vs cement](https://senseible.earth/answers/ha-tinh-nghi-son-steel-vs-cement-cbam)
- [EU importer of Vietnamese cement](https://senseible.earth/answers/eu-importer-vietnam-cement-what-to-ask)

Sources: [GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance](https://ghgprotocol.org/scope-2-guidance), [IEA, electricity and emissions data by country](https://www.iea.org), [CBAM Regulation (EU) 2023/956, consolidated](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/956/2025-10-20)

Last reviewed 2026-10-21.