# What are the emissions from heat treating wooden export crates?

Canonical: https://senseible.earth/answers/wooden-export-crate-heat-treatment-emissions

ISPM 15 heat treatment holds the wood core at a set temperature for a set time, usually in a chamber heated by a wood waste or diesel boiler. Count fossil fuel in Scope 1, report wood fuel CO2 separately as biogenic, and add sawn timber per crate.

## Inputs

- Boiler fuel per batch.
- Crates or cubic metres treated per batch.
- Sawn timber bought per crate.

## Alternatives

Plywood or plastic pallets do not need treatment. Compare whole footprints, not only the treatment step.

## What Senseible does here

Senseible reads bills, fuel invoices and production records into dated, fingerprinted records, so the figure you send a buyer can be traced to its documents.

- [Wooden vs plastic pallet](https://senseible.earth/answers/wooden-vs-plastic-pallet-carbon-footprint)
- [EUDR and export pallets](https://senseible.earth/answers/does-eudr-apply-to-export-packaging-pallets)
- [Plywood footprint](https://senseible.earth/answers/plywood-carbon-footprint-per-cubic-metre)

Sources: [IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Volume 2 Energy (fuel defaults)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/vol2.html), [GHG Protocol Corporate Standard](https://ghgprotocol.org/corporate-standard), [GHG Protocol Product Standard](https://ghgprotocol.org/standards)

Last reviewed 2026-10-22.