How does the GHG Protocol define short, medium and long haul flights?
The Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol's business travel guidance gives an indicative split: short haul is a flight under 3 hours, medium haul 3 to 6 hours, and long haul usually over 6.5 hours by wide-bodied aircraft. Short flights carry higher factors per kilometre because take-off and landing weigh heavily.
The three bands
- Short haul: flights under 3 hours.
- Medium haul: flights of 3 to 6 hours.
- Long haul: journeys by wide-bodied aircraft over long distances, typically more than 6.5 hours.
Why the bands exist
The guide says short flights have higher factors per passenger-kilometre because the landing and take-off cycle has a strong influence on emissions. Long flights come out slightly higher than medium ones because of the extra weight of fuel. It calls these descriptions indicative and notes that many countries define flight types in their own way.
Using them
Sort each trip by time in the air, then use the factor for that band with the distance flown. If your factor source defines its bands by distance instead, use its definition with its factor and write down which one you used. If you add a radiative forcing multiplier, the guide says to disclose the factor.
Sorting four trips (example air times, check your ticket)
- Hyderabad to Bengaluru, about 1 hour 15 minutes: short haul
- Delhi to Chennai, about 2 hours 50 minutes: short haul
- Mumbai to Singapore, about 5 hours 30 minutes: medium haul
- Delhi to London, about 9 hours: long haul
Air times are approximate examples. The bands are the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol's indicative description, not a rule.
What Senseible does here
Senseible reads fuel invoices and electricity bills for your own sites. Flight tickets and their bands come from your travel records.
- Flight emissions for business travel in India
- Should flight emissions include radiative forcing
- Business travel sample: 400 of 4,000 staff
Sources: GHG Protocol, Technical Guidance for Calculating Scope 3 Emissions, Category 6, GHG Protocol, Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Standard
Last reviewed 2026-11-04. The guidance is dated 2013 and calls the bands indicative. Re-check against the factor source you use.