How much energy does the Greater Kolkata fan-making cluster use per year?
836 toe a year to make about 9 million ceiling, table and exhaust fans across 70 MSMEs, by TERI's 2024-25 study: 6.51 million kWh of electricity and LPG for paint and curing ovens. A micro unit spends about five times the energy per fan of a medium one.
Who makes the 9 million fans
- 5 medium units: 4.1 million fans a year.
- 20 small units: 3.3 million.
- 45 micro units: 1.5 million.
- Units run 10 to 12 hours a day; parts come from Bansdroni and elsewhere in India.
A typical unit's year
- Medium: 271,122 kWh and 13.9 t of LPG.
- Small: 135,561 kWh and 4.9 t of LPG.
- Micro: 54,224 kWh and 2.4 t of LPG.
- Electricity is about two thirds of the energy, LPG one third.
Where TERI found savings
- Power factor: units run at 0.87 to 0.94 and miss WBSEDCL rebates; an APFC panel with sized capacitors closes the gap.
- Compressors for painting: set at 8 to 10 kg/cm2 for a 5.5 to 6 kg/cm2 need. Each bar lower saves about 7 to 10%; leaks often exceed 20% and can be brought below 5%.
- LPG curing ovens to electric: 20 to 30% lower energy cost in TERI's audits.
- Rewound motors lose 5 to 10%; IE3 or IE4 motors win most of it back.
When a brand asks for a per fan figure
Divide your year's CO2 by fans assembled, and say what it covers: assembly energy only, or bought motors, blades and covers too. Your own energy is a small part of a fan's life; the electricity it uses in a home is far larger. Keep the boundary on the page so the figure is not mistaken for a full footprint.
CO2 per fan by unit size at FY 2025-26 factors (estimate)
- Medium: 271,122 kWh x 0.675 = 183.0 t + 13.9 t LPG x 2.98 = 41.4 t; 224 t over 820,000 fans = 0.27 kg per fan
- Small: 91.5 t + 14.6 t = 106 t over 165,000 fans = 0.64 kg per fan
- Micro: 36.6 t + 7.2 t = 44 t over 33,000 fans = 1.31 kg per fan
- Cluster: 6.51 million kWh x 0.675 = 4,394 t + 245 t LPG x 2.98 = 730 t; about 5,120 t a year
Unit counts, output and energy from TERI's 2024-25 energy profile of the Greater Kolkata fan cluster and SAMEEEKSHA's summary. The profile's text mentions about 20 assembly units, its table 70; we use the table. Its unit figures add to about 275 t of LPG against 245 t in its cluster table, which we use. CEA FY 2025-26 grid factor; LPG at 2.98 kg CO2 per kg.
What Senseible does here
Senseible reads WBSEDCL bills and LPG invoices into monthly CO2 and keeps them as supplier evidence you can hand to a fan brand asking for your assembly figure.
Sources: SAMEEEKSHA, Greater Kolkata fan cluster summary (TERI, 2024-25 data), TERI, Energy profile: Greater Kolkata fan cluster (2025), CEA, CO2 Baseline Database for the Indian Power Sector, version 22.0
Last reviewed 2026-10-31.