A unit of India's grid power now carries 13% less CO2 than in FY 2013-14. Here is the data.

Name: India grid emission factor, FY 2013-14 to FY 2025-26
Creator: Senseible
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Official figures on India's power sector, carbon market and EU CBAM exposure, each with a free CSV. Updated 2026-10-24. Senseible's calculator uses 0.710 t CO2 per MWh, the FY 2024-25 figure, while the switch to FY 2025-26 is reviewed.

Grid emission factor, power-sector CO2 and generation

Financial year	Grid factor (t CO2/MWh)	Total CO2 (Mt)	Renewable generation (BU)	Total net generation (BU)
2013-14	0.774	727.4	53.06	939.83
2014-15	0.779	805.4	61.72	1033.76
2015-16	0.774	846.3	65.78	1092.81
2016-17	0.770	888.34	81.55	1154.39
2017-18	0.754	922.18	101.84	1223.41
2018-19	0.744	960.9	126.76	1291.92
2019-20	0.713	928.14	138.34	1301.31
2020-21	0.703	910.02	147.25	1294.77
2021-22	0.715	1002.01	170.91	1401.01
2022-23	0.716	1108.11	203.55	1547.8
2023-24	0.727	1203.36	225.83	1654.54
2024-25	0.710	1235.96	255.01	1740.54
2025-26	0.675	1189.29	310.58	1761.28

FY 2025-26 margins: weighted average 0.675, simple operating margin 0.963, build margin 0.446, combined margin 0.705. From FY 2022-23 figures are adjusted for cross-border transfers and include captive injection. Source: Central Electricity Authority, CO2 Baseline Database for the Indian Power Sector, User Guide Version 22.0 (August 2026), Annexure I, page 22.

Installed capacity, 31 March 2026

Source	MW	Share
Coal	221940.01	41.7%
Renewables	223273.43	41.9%
Large hydro	51414.66	9.7%
Gas	20122.41	3.8%
Nuclear	8780.00	1.6%
Lignite and diesel	7209.20	1.4%
Total	532739.72	100%

Carbon Credit Trading Scheme: plants with intensity targets

Sector	Plants	Notification
Iron and steel	255	G.S.R. 517(E), draft
Cement	186	G.S.R. 739(E)
Textiles	173	G.S.R. 25(E)
Pulp and paper	51	G.S.R. 739(E)
Chlor-alkali	30	G.S.R. 739(E)
Petroleum refineries	21	G.S.R. 25(E)
Aluminium	13	G.S.R. 739(E)
Petrochemical crackers	11	G.S.R. 25(E)
Secondary aluminium	3	G.S.R. 25(E)

Counts are unique registration numbers in each Gazette schedule, counted by Senseible. Targets use a 2023-24 baseline.

EU CBAM default values for goods from India

CN code	Good	Listed (t CO2e/t)	2026	2027	2028 on
7208	Hot-rolled flat steel	4.280	4.708	5.136	5.564
7213	Wire rod	4.270	4.697	5.124	5.551
7214 20 00	Rebar	4.270	4.697	5.124	5.551
7207 11 14	Billets (rolled or cast)	4.270	4.697	5.124	5.551
7206 10 00	Ingots	2.640	2.904	3.168	3.432
7201	Pig iron	2.530	2.783	3.036	3.289
7203	Sponge iron (DRI)	4.200	4.620	5.040	5.460
7218 10 00	Stainless steel ingots	6.530	7.183	7.836	8.489
7318 15	Screws and bolts	5.720	6.292	6.864	7.436
2601 12 00	Iron ore pellets and sinter	0.290	0.319	0.348	0.377
7601	Unwrought aluminium	1.870	2.057	2.244	2.431
7605	Aluminium wire	2.594	2.853	3.113	3.372
7606	Aluminium sheet and strip	4.126	4.539	4.951	5.364
2523 10 00 90	Grey clinker	1.440	1.584	1.728	1.872
2523 29 00	Grey Portland cement	1.480	1.628	1.776	1.924
2814 10 00	Anhydrous ammonia	3.280	3.313	3.313	3.313
3102 10 19	Urea (over 45% nitrogen)	2.220	2.242	2.242	2.242
3105 30 00	DAP	0.810	0.818	0.818	0.818
2804 10 00	Hydrogen	14.030	15.433	16.836	18.239

Steel, aluminium and hydrogen count direct emissions only; cement and fertilisers include indirect emissions. Mark-up 10%, 20% and 30% for 2026, 2027 and 2028 on; 1% for fertilisers.

Fuel weight to volume (PPAC)

Fuel	kL per tonne at 29.5 C	Multiply for 15 C
Diesel	1.2100	0.9879
Petrol	1.4110	0.983
Kerosene	1.2850	0.9864
Light diesel oil	1.1720	0.9877
Furnace oil	1.0424	0.9899
Jet fuel (ATF)	1.2880	0.9862