Our buyer asks for Scope 2 both location based and market based. What is the difference?
Location based uses the average grid factor where you are, 0.710 kg CO2 per kWh in India. Market based uses what you contracted: green tariffs, RECs or PPAs, with a residual mix factor for the rest. Report both; without contracts, the two figures are similar.
Location based
Total kWh times the national grid factor. Simple and always required.
Market based
- kWh covered by valid contracts or certificates at their own factor.
- Remaining kWh at a residual mix factor if one is available, otherwise the grid factor, stated as such.
Evidence
Keep REC retirement statements, green tariff bills or PPA invoices for the claimed kWh.
What Senseible does here
Senseible reads bills, fuel invoices and production records into dated, fingerprinted records, so the figure you send a buyer can be traced to its documents.
Sources: GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance, CEA CO2 Baseline Database, version 21.0
Last reviewed 2026-10-22.